Water is the most precious element / commodity available on the earth which is the main life support system of the environment.The water sources are identified and then they are used for various purposes and at various locations. Thus, water supply and distribution facilities are critical infrastructure for the environment. These facilities include wells or water supply intake structures, transmission mains, distribution mains and individual service lines.  Regarding water supply source, water determination may not only bring forth technical issues, but political issues may arise as well. Ownership of water sources can be controversial, whether the source is ground water or surface water.

The use of water except for drinking purpose generates the wastewater which when discharged for the domestic use generates sewage.  The sewage collection is carried out through sewer collection system. The sewage cannot be directly let loose in to the environment as there are all possibilities of polluting the surface water or the ground water. Even for irrigation also, the sewage requires treatment. The sewer collection and conveyance needs the treatment before its disposal.  The treated sewage can be reused for cooling purpose, irrigation purpose or even for recycling in to the toilets and other applications depending on the specific use excluding drinking and bathing.  The sewerage is the sewage collection network starting from individual discharge points to centrally collection point, conveyance mains, treatment systems and safe disposal in to the environment.

Many factors must be considered during planning, design and construction of these systems.  For new areas, the population density, the available water supply source and its quantity and the topography is taken in to account. In developed areas where there is existing underground utilities including existing water and sewer, telephone, gas, electric, and cable, it is especially important to consider the impact of new water and sewer mains on these systems. Relocating existing utilities is very expensive, so care must be taken to avoid conflicts as much as possible. Excellent communication and coordination with owners of these utilities and governing agencies during planning, design and construction stage is crucial to the success of this infrastructure project.

In all instances, cost effectiveness is equally as important as technical excellence. Projects must be financially feasible before they can be constructed. Chokhavatia Associates have experience in all facets of Water Supply and Sewerage engineering, including:

1. Feasibility Studies and Master Planning
2. Preliminary and final design plans and Specifications
3. Project Management
4. Construction Administration and Inspection.

The range of CA’s Water Supply and Sewerage collection projects is comprehensive, and includes water intake structures, water and sewer systems for multi-storied buildings, hospitals, and design of complete distribution and collection systems to serve several entire townships. In addition, CA has provided comprehensive schemes for the collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal of effluent for two industrial areas in Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

CA’s client list includes those from both the government sector as well as the commercial/industrial sector. CA’s wide range of experience and high level of technical competence is complemented by their understanding of the intricate workings of water and sewer systems and some of the unique challenges the field presents.

CA has the in-house talent to resolve utility conflicts, avoid environmental issues and find the most cost effective Water Supply and Sewerage design for their clients.