INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, textile industries has became a major source of surface water contamination’s because it contains inorganic salts, textile dyes and organic compounds and due to this reason it becomes very difficult to extract pure water from the complex system. As there are many treatments available to treat textile waste-water such as:

i. Biological Treatment
ii. Adsorption
iii. Membrane technology
iv. Chemical precipitation

TEXTILE WASTE-WATER TREATMENT

Every industry ends up generating different kinds of wastewater because different industries use of different type of chemicals depending on their requirement and same goes to the textile industries. Therefore, it becomes very important to treat waste-water in a way that it reduces oil, colour, fat, suspended solids, and gets filter easily.

1. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT

Physico-chemical treatment which are followed by biological treatment systems are set up in most of the textile industries. Mixing and Equalizing is the first step of the wastewater streams and at different stages in the processes, it leads to discharging of waste water at different intervals. Equalization makes sure that the effluents have uniform characteristics in terms of pH, organic and in-organic loads and temperature. After the equalization, effluent is subjected for the addition of coagulants via flash mixer and the coagulants are: alum, lime, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and polyelectrolyte. Then after this it processed through a flocculation and settling tank. The proper amount of coagulants and chemicals are determined based on the treatability study of effluent samples.

2. TERTIARY TREATMENT

Tertiary treatment is also called as advanced treatment. Textile effluents may need tertiary or advanced treatment to decrease the specific contaminants. Here there are some advance methods used for the treatment of textile wastewater in brief:

–> Ion Exchange: It is generally used for the removal of inorganic salts and some organic also such as phenol. All organic and inorganic salts are composed of positive ion and negative ion.

–> Adsorption: It is normally used to remove color and other soluble contaminants present in effluent and it also eliminates toxic pollutants such as: pesticides, cyanides, phenols and other dyes which cannot be treated by conventional treatment methods. Soluble organics which gets absorb on the surface as wastewater containing these is made to pass through adsorbents. The most commonly used adsorbent for the treatment is activated carbon.

ABOUT CHOKHAVATIA ASSOCIATES

Chokhavatia Associates have put up more than 39 years of experience with a global client base. Our services in the environmental sector include the concept of commissioning Wastewater Treatment Plants for the industries and Sewage Treatment Plant, Effluent Treatment Plant, Operation and maintenance contracts of sewage/wastewater treatment plant, and supervision including turnkey installation of the complete plant, environmental impact assessment studies, and design of water supply and sewerage systems for the Townships, Environmental Management Planning, and design of disposal structures. The services in the structural sector are for the structural design of treatment units and overhead tanks, designing of intake well and its construction and supervision, design of bridges, culverts, and ports.