Different Types of Raw Material Used to Produce Compressed Biogas
Agricultural waste and Food Waste
It is widely available in the Indian subcontinent, making it one of the cheapest options. Rice straw is an important agricultural waste that contributes significantly to air pollution in northern India, but can be efficiently converted into compressed biogas. In addition to rice straw, agricultural materials such as sugar cane, cassava, and corn. It can be used to produce biogas and other agricultural wastes such as cassava rhizomes, corncobs, etc., and can also be used for wood and wood waste. India is famous for its diverse cuisines throughout the region.
However, we consume a lot of food in organized value chains such as hotels and restaurants. Some cities in India are working to collect food waste and recycle it in specialized facilities to maximize its value. Efforts can be made to make bio-CNG that can be produced from such food waste.
Cow dung and Press Sludge
Cow dung, also known as cow dung, is another readily available feedstock that can be converted into biogas. Viable compressed biogas plants can be installed on manure production sites such as gaushalas, dairies, and other clusters. Another raw material source is press sludge from Indian sugar mills. A rich source of organic matter that can be easily converted into compressed biogas. India produces over 340 million tonnes of sugar. This results in around 1.3 million tonnes of compressed sludge per year, which can make a significant contribution to compressed biogas production.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant
India generates over 60 million metric tons (MMT) of municipal solid waste. However, the problem starts with the lack of treatment and processing facilities. MSW can be converted to biogas, but a barrier to this conversion is the separation process. The possibility of producing biogas in compressed biogas plants can only be opened after the proper separation of organic and inorganic wastes. Most wastewater treatment plants in India use aerobic treatment methods.
These methods produce large amounts of sludge that can be treated anaerobically to produce biogas. Future public policy should include the introduction of anaerobic treatment methods for biogas production in wastewater treatment plants.
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